log_format \u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n

1\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
log_format name\uff08\u683c\u5f0f\u540d\u5b57\uff09 \u683c\u5f0f\u6837\u5f0f\uff08\u5373\u60f3\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\uff09
\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
log_format main\r\n'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\r\n'$status $body_bytes_s ent \"$http_referer\" '\r\n'\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\"'\r\n<\/pre>\n
2\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
3\u3001x_forwarded_for\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\u901a\u5e38web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u653e\u5728\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7$remote_addr\u62ff\u5230\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684iP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684http\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0x_forwarded_for\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u539f\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u539f\u6765\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce8<\/em>\uff1a\u5728server\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6ex_forwarded_for<\/p>\n
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;<\/pre>\n
access_log<\/span><\/div>\n
\u7528\u4e86log_format \u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528access_log\u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u8def\u5f84\uff1b<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
access_log path(\u5b58\u653e\u8def\u5f84) format (\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u540d\u79f0)
\n\u793a\u4f8b:<\/p>\n
access_log logs\/access.log main;<\/pre>\n
2\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5237\u76d8\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
access_log \/data\/logs\/nginx-access.log buffer=32k flush=5s;<\/pre>\n
buffer \u6ee1 32k \u624d\u5237\u76d8\uff1b\u5047\u5982 buffer \u4e0d\u6ee1 5s \u949f\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce8<\/em>\uff1a\u4e00\u822clog_format\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u3002access_log \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff08server\uff09\u4e2d\u7684location\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
http {\r\nlog_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\r\n'\"$status\" $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" '\r\n'\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\" '\r\n'\"$gzip_ratio\" $request_time $bytes_sent $request_length';\r\nlog_format srcache_log '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\r\n'\"$status\" $body_bytes_sent $request_time $bytes_sent $request_length '\r\n'[$upstream_response_time] [$srcache_fetch_status] [$srcache_store_status] [$srcache_expire]';\r\nopen_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=60s;\r\nserver {\r\nserver_name ~^(www\\.)?(.+)$;\r\naccess_log logs\/$2-access.log main;\r\nerror_log logs\/$2-error.log;\r\nlocation \/srcache {\r\naccess_log logs\/access-srcache.log srcache_log;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
3\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
1\uff09error_log\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
2\uff09open_log_file_cache\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u662f\u5148\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528open_log_file_cache\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662foff)\u3002
\n\u8bed\u6cd5:<\/p>\n
open_log_file_cache max=N [inactive=time] [min_uses=N] [valid=time];<\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u6ce8\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
max:\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\uff0c\u91c7\u7528LRU\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/li>\n
inactive:\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b58\u6d3b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f10s<\/li>\n
min_uses:\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728inactive\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5185\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8bb0\u5165\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f1\u6b21<\/li>\n
valid:\u8bbe\u7f6e\u68c0\u67e5\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba460s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;<\/pre>\n
3\uff09\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684 URL \u548c\u6b21\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
cat access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{print $10}\u2019 | sort | uniq -c<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6 500 \u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n
cat access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($5 == 500) print $0}\u2019<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6 500 \u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff1a
\ncat access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($5 == 500) print $0}\u2019 | wc -l<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u5185 500 \u9519\u8bef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6570\u91cf:<\/p>\n
cat access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($5 == 500) print $0}\u2019 | grep \u201909:00\u2019 | wc-l<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc7 1s \u7684\u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n
tail -f access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($6>1) print $0}\u2019<\/pre>\n
\u5047\u5982\u53ea\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f4d\uff1a<\/p>\n
tail -f access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($6>1) print $3\u2033|\u201d$4}\u2019<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e 502 \u9519\u8bef\u6700\u591a\u7684 URL\uff1a<\/p>\n
cat access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($5==502) print $11}\u2019 | sort | uniq -c<\/pre>\n
\u67e5\u627e 200 \u7a7a\u767d\u9875<\/p>\n
cat access.log | awk -F \u2018^A\u2019 \u2018{if($5==200 && $8 < 100) print $3\u2033|\u201d$4\u2033|\u201d$11\u2033|\u201d$6}\u2019<\/pre>\n
\u5207\u5272\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/div>\n
Nginx \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u662f\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bbf\u95ee\u91cf\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5bb9\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u9020\u6210Nginx \u65e5\u5fd7\u5199\u5165\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u8981\u5bf9access_log\u3001error_log\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5272\u3002
\n\u5207\u5272\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e00\u822c\u5229\u7528USR1\u4fe1\u53f7\u8ba9nginx\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bashlogdir=\"\/data\/logs\/nginx\"\r\npid=`cat $logdir\/nginx.pid`\r\nDATE=`date -d \"1 hours ago\" +%Y%m%d%H`\r\nDATE_OLD=`date -d \"7 days ago\" +%Y%m%d`\r\nfor i in `ls $logdir\/*access.log`; do\r\nmv $i $i.$DATE\r\ndone\r\nfor i in `ls $logdir\/*error.log`; do\r\nmv $i $i.$DATE\r\ndone\r\nkill -s USR1 $pid\r\nrm -v $logdir\"\/access.log.\"$DATE_OLD*rm -v $logdir\"\/error.log.\"$DATE_OLD*\r\n<\/pre>\n
1\u3001\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672c\u653e\u5230crontab\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff080\u00a0\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u4f1a\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001USR1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u8ba9Nginx \u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5907\u4efd\u65e5\u5fd7\uff09<\/li>\n
\u5c06\u524d7\u5929\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5220\u9664\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2\u3001\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884ckill -USR1 $pid\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u4e86mv\u547d\u4ee4\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\uff0cnginx\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u5411\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u201d*access.log.2016032623\u201d\u7167\u5e38\u5199\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff1alinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6765\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001logrotates\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26\u7684logrotates\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0nginx\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5176bash\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e5f\u662f\u53d1\u9001USR1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
\u539f\u6587\u6765\u81ea\uff1ahttp:\/\/lanjingling.github.io\/2016\/03\/14\/nginx-access-log\/<\/a><\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/nginx-log-jianjie.html<\/a><\/p>\n
\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u502a\u5bb6\u5174\uff0c\u5ba1\u6838\u5458\uff1a\u9004\u589e\u5b9d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5bfc\u8bfb nginx \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a1\uff09log_format\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\uff1b2\uff09access_log\uff1a\u7528 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":362,"featured_media":118757,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118749","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thread"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/362"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118749"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118778,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118749\/revisions\/118778"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118749"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118749"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}