\u628a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u5c42\uff0cARP\u534f\u8bae\u7528\u6765\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684Ethernet\u7f51\u5361Mac\u5730\u5740\uff0cIP\u5219\u627f\u8f7d\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceARP\u5f97\u5230\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4eceIP\u5f97\u5230\u8981\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

IP\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/div>\n
IP\u534f\u8bae\u662fTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684TCP\uff0cUDP\uff0cIMCP\uff0cIGCP\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4ee5IP\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cIP\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cIP\u534f\u8bae\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u672a\u4f20\u8fbe\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236--\u8fd9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae--TCP\u6216UDP\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86TCP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u800cUDP\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n
IP\u534f\u8bae\u5934<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
$\"\"$
\n\u6328\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u5b83\u662f\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u7684\u6d3b\u8ba1\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u90a3\u516b\u4f4d\u7684TTL\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u4e48?\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u89c4\u5b9a\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u7a7f\u8fc7\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u629b\u5f03(\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765IP\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u9001\u8fbe)\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2aip\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6bcf\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684TTL\u6570\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c111\uff0c\u5f53\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684TTL\u6210\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u629b\u5f03\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f255\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u4e5f\u5c31\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u7a7f\u884c255\u6b21\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f32\u6216\u8005\u662f64\uff0cTracerouter\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0ctranceroute\u7684-m\u9009\u9879\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u5927\u503c\u662f255\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2aTTL\u5728IP\u534f\u8bae\u91cc\u9762\u53ea\u67098bit\u3002
\n\u73b0\u5728\u7684ip\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u662f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u79f0\u4f5cIPv4\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6709IPv6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd0\u7528\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
IP\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cIP\u6570\u636e\u5305(\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f\u8def\u7531\u5668)\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u9001\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u5462?\u5b83\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6765\"\u9001\u8d27\"\u7684\u5462?
\n\u6700\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u76f4\u8fde\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3b\u673a\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u7528\u5bfb\u627e\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u53bb\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u9760ARP\u534f\u8bae\u4e86\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230\u3002
\n\u7a0d\u5fae\u4e00\u822c\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668(router)\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5c31\u8981\u901a\u8fc7ip\u5305\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u4e3aip\u5305\u5bfb\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u673a\u5c06\u4f1a\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u6570\u636e\u5305
\n\u5982\u679cIP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684TTL(\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f)\u4ee5\u5230\uff0c\u5219\u8be5IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c31\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u3002
\n\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u5339\u914d\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u548cIP\u5730\u5740\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u5305\u53d1\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a
\n\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u4e3b\u673a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u5339\u914d\u540c\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801(1.3.)\u201d\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u5305\u53d1\u5411\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002
\n\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u540c\u5b50\u7f51\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u5339\u914d\u540c\u7f51\u53f7(\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u6709\u8bb2\u89e3)\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u5305\u53d1\u5411\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002
\n\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90fd\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u641c\u7d22\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u53d1\u5305\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u90fd\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u4e22\u6389\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff0cip\u5305\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9001\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b50\u7f51\u5bfb\u5740<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7+\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u5b50\u7f51\u7f16\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u628a\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u5728\u7ec6\u5206\u6210\u5b50\u7f51\u53f7+\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a \u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u7801+\u5b50\u7f51\u53f7+\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2aB\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff1a210.30.109.134\u3002\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4f4d\u4ee3\u8868\u5b50\u7f51\u53f7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u6027\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u5219\u662f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u6821\u56ed\u7f51\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u90fd\u7528\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u7f51\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a255.255.255.0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u662f\u753132bit\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217,\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u76841\u548c\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u76840\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a255.255.255.0(\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5c31\u662f11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000)\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521a\u624d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2aB\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a210.30\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u540e\u9762109.134\u5c31\u662f\u5b50\u7f51\u53f7\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u53ea\u6709\u540e\u516bbit\u4e3a0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u5c31\u662fIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u540e\u516b\u4e2abit\uff0c\u5c31\u662f134\uff0c\u800c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5b50\u7f51\u53f7\u7801--109\u3002<\/p>\n
ARP\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aMAC\u5730\u5740\u5934\u4e48?\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e00\u5757\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5361\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aMAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48IP\u5305\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2aMAC\u5730\u5740\u7684?\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fARP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\nARP(\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790)\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5305\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ARP\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58(\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aIP-MAC\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u7f13\u5b58)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684IP-MAC\u503c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3b\u673a\u5c31\u5411\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aARP\u534f\u8bae\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u6709\u5f85\u67e5\u8be2\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4efd\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u5305\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u4f1a\u67e5\u8be2\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6536\u5230\u5e7f\u64ad\u5305\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u5305\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u53d1\u9001ARP\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u5e7f\u64ad\u4e3b\u673a\u62ff\u5230ARP\u5305\u540e\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ARP\u7f13\u5b58(\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u653eIP-MAC\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u7684\u5730\u65b9)\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5c31\u4f1a\u7528\u65b0\u7684ARP\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u7684\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684arp\u7f13\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u9762\u7528\u201carp -a\u201d\u547d\u4ee4:<\/p>\n
Interface: 192.168.11.3 --- 0x2\r\nInternet Address Physical Address Type\r\n192.168.11.1 00-0d-0b-43-a0-2e dynamic\r\n192.168.11.2 00-01-4a-03-5b-ed dynamic<\/pre>\n
\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u6709\u65f6\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f20\u5206\u949f(\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf)\u3002<\/p>\n
RARP\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u5177\u6709\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u5bfc\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u76d8\u673a\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u76d8\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6ip\u5730\u5740\u3002
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\n
\u539f\u6587\u6765\u81ea\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/fengzanfeng\/articles\/1339347.html<\/a><\/p>\n
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