{"id":145010,"date":"2019-05-22T09:00:54","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T01:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/?p=145010"},"modified":"2019-05-16T09:59:26","modified_gmt":"2019-05-16T01:59:26","slug":"linux-operationand-maintenance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/linux-operationand-maintenance.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5b89\u5168\u7ecf\u9a8c-\u8d26\u6237\u548c\u767b\u5f55\u5b89\u5168"},"content":{"rendered":"<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 5px 12px; width: 25px; font-size: 22px; text-align: center; background: #E8E8E8; line-height: 30px; color: #999;\">\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 10px 12px; line-height: 20px;\"><strong>\u8d26\u6237\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u5c4f\u969c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u767b\u5f55\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0bLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/\u6279\u6ce8-2019-05-15-103726.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"777\" height=\"602\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-145011\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/\u6279\u6ce8-2019-05-15-103726.png 777w, https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/\u6279\u6ce8-2019-05-15-103726-300x232.png 300w, https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/\u6279\u6ce8-2019-05-15-103726-768x595.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 777px) 100vw, 777px\" \/><\/p>\n<div   id="j6sjwn9j3u"    style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: white; background-color: black; border-left: red 10px solid; padding-left: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;\"><strong>1\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u548c\u8d26\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u8005\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u5220\u9664\u5b83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d26\u6237\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u8d8a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<br \/>\nLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5982<code>adm,lp,sync,shutdown,halt,news,uucp,operator,games,gopher<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n\u53ef\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u5982<code>adm,lp,news,uucp,games,dip,pppusers,popusers,slipusers<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<div   id="j6sjwn9j3u"    style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: white; background-color: black; border-left: red 10px solid; padding-left: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;\"><strong>2\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>Linux\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6ca1\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u8d8a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8d8a\u5c11\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5c31\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<br \/>\n\u5177\u4f53\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7528\u9014\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u67d0\u53f0Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u4e8ewww\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9664\u4e86httpd\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5173\u95ed\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>anacron\u3001auditd\u3001autofs\u3001avahi-daemon\u3001avahi-dnsconfd\u3001bluetooth\u3001cpuspeed\u3001firstboot\u3001gpm\u3001haldaemon\u3001hidd\u3001ip6tables\u3001ipsec\u3001isdn\u3001lpd\u3001mcstrans\u3001messagebus\u3001netfs\u3001nfs\u3001nfslock\u3001nscd\u3001pcscd portmap\u3001readahead_early\u3001restorecond\u3001rpcgssd\u3001rpcidmapd\u3001rstatd\u3001sendmail\u3001setroubleshoot\u3001yppasswdd ypserv\r\n<\/pre>\n<div   id="j6sjwn9j3u"    style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: white; background-color: black; border-left: red 10px solid; padding-left: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;\"><strong>3\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u81f3\u5c116\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u8981\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\u7b49\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u6cc4\u9732\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u4e22\u5931\u7b49\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5bf9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u516c\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e13\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u5730\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u5730\u4e13\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u516c\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u5bf9\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u88ab\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ea\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u4e0d\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u76d7\u7528\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4e00\u822c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u629b\u5f03\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002<br \/>\nLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u901a\u8fc7<code>SecureCRT\u3001putty\u3001Xshell<\/code>\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e<code>SecureCRT<\/code>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684<code>SSH<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<div   id="j6sjwn9j3u"    style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: white; background-color: black; border-left: red 10px solid; padding-left: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px;\"><strong>4\u3001\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528su\u3001sudo\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>su\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u5207\u6362\u5230\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u7981\u6b62\u4e86\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u76f4\u63a5\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u901a\u8fc7su\u547d\u4ee4\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7su\u547d\u4ee4\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u670910\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fd910\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd910\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5a01\u534f\u3002<br \/>\n\u56e0\u6b64su\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6sudo\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u4e86\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0csudo\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6743\u9650\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7684su\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5sudo\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684su\uff0c\u53e6\u5916sudo\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u6388\u6743\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6388\u6743\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684su\u3002<br \/>\nsudo\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a<br 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