{"id":156199,"date":"2019-08-29T11:31:45","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T03:31:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/?p=156199"},"modified":"2019-08-27T14:22:59","modified_gmt":"2019-08-27T06:22:59","slug":"linuxcommands-for-software","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/linuxcommands-for-software.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08linux\u5341\u5927\u573a\u666f\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u7531\u4e8eLinux\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5f00\u6e90\u548c\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u540e\u53f0\u90fd\u662f\u90e8\u7f72\u5728linux\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u719f\u6089Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u6df1\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3001\u62d3\u5bbd\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u6808\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u3002<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u5c97\u4f4d\u804c\u7ea7\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8elinux\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u521d\u7ea7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5206\u6790bug\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e2d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728linux\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa\u5404\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7f16\u5199shell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6548\u7387\u3002
\n\"\"
\n\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08linux\u5341\u5927\u573a\u666f\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

1.\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770btomcat\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u770b\uff1a
\ncd \/home\/tomcat\/logs #\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55` `tail \u2013f catalina.out #\u5b9e\u65f6\u6253\u5370\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6` `ctrl+c #\u9000\u51fa\u67e5\u770b
\n\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

tail -f log.txt\uff1a\u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u770b\r\ntai -500f log.txt:\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e500\u884c\r\ncat file\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u77ed\u6587\u4ef6\r\nless file\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u957f\u6587\u4ef6\r\nhead example.txt \uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6 example.txt \u7684\u524d\u5341\u884c\u5185\u5bb9 head -n 20 example.txt\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6 example.txt \u7684\u524d\u4e8c\u5341\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/pre>\n
2.\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
\nvim \/etc\/profile\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u6bcdi\uff0c \u8fdb\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u6a21\u5f0f \u8f93\u5165\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6309esc\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f \u3002 \u6267\u884c:wq\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4fee\u6539\u3002 \u8f93\u5165 soucre \/etc\/profile \u4f7f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u751f\u6548\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 cat \/etc\/profile\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4fee\u6539\u6210\u529f\u3002 3.vi\/vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668
\nvi\/vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff1alinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nvim\u662fvi\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u547d\u4ee4\u3002
\n\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u5165\uff1f
\n\u65b0\u5efa\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165vi
\n\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a
\n\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f:\u5e95\u90e8\u6709\u201c--INSERT--\u201d\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\ni\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5149\u6807\u524d\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u672c\uff1b
\na\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5149\u6807\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u672c\uff1b
\no\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5149\u6807\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u672c\uff1b
\n\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f:\u521a\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5149\u6807\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5220\u9664\u3001\u590d\u5236\u3001\u7c98\u8d34\u7b49\u3002
\nx\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u7b26 dw\/dd\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u8bcd\/\u5220\u9664\u884c yw\/yy:\u590d\u5236\u8bcd\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u884c P\uff1a\u7c98\u8d34 kjhl\uff1a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5de6\u53f3 ctrl+f\/b:\u7ffb\u9875
\n\u5e95\u7ebf\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165\u5192\u53f7\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u884c\u53f7\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u7b49\u3002
\nset nu\/nonu:\u8bbe\u7f6e\u884c\u53f7 w filename\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6 wq\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa q\uff01\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002 edit:\u5728vi\u91cc\u6253\u5f00\u53e6\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nvim\u6a21\u5f0f\u5207\u6362<\/p>\n

4.\u67e5\u770btomcat\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u67e5\u770btomcat\u8fdb\u7a0b ps -ef\/grep tomcat ps \u2013aux\/grep tomcat \u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b kill -9 \u8fdb\u7a0bID ps -ef\/grep tomcat#\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5173\u95ed \u8fdb\u5165tomcat\u7684bin\u76ee\u5f55cd \/usr\/local\/tomcat\/bin \u542f\u52a8tomcat .\/startup.sh <\/p>\n

5.\u538b\u7f29\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/div>\n

tar cvf a.tar 1.txt 2.txt 3.txt#\u5c063\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5305a.tar\u4e2d\u3002 tar cvf \/tmp\/a1.tar *.txt#\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 tar xvf a.tar#\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 tar -zcvf a.tar.gz *.txt#\u6253\u5305\u4e0e\u538b\u7f29\u4e3aa.tar.gz\u3002 tar -zxvf a.tar.gz#\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u5e76\u89e3\u5305\u3002
\n\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e
\n-c: \u5efa\u7acb\u538b\u7f29\u6863\u6848 -x\uff1a\u89e3\u538b -t\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5bb9 -r\uff1a\u5411\u538b\u7f29\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u6587\u4ef6 -u\uff1a\u66f4\u65b0\u539f\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 -z\uff1a\u6709gzip\u5c5e\u6027\u7684 -j\uff1a\u6709bz2\u5c5e\u6027\u7684 -Z\uff1a\u6709compress\u5c5e\u6027\u7684 -v\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fc7\u7a0b -O\uff1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u5f00\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa <\/p>\n

6.\u4e0a\u4f20\/\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u5728xshell\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a
\n\u4e00\u822c\u822c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 yum install lrzsz
\nrz\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6
\nsz \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8def\u5f84
\n\u5f53\u7136\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7xftp\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n

7.\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u627e<\/strong><\/div>\n

find\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u8d77\u59cb\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u3002
\n\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n

find ...<\/pre>\n

\u7ed3\u5408\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u548c\u7ba1\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a
\nfind \/etc -name \\*****.txt** **\uff1a\u5728\/etc\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u4ee5.txt\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002** **find \/etc -name '\\*abc\\*'\uff1a\u5728\/etc\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u2018abc\u2019\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002** **find \/ -amin -5:\u67e5\u627e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u540e5\u5206\u949f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002** **find \/ -mmin -5\uff1a\u67e5\u627e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u540e5\u5206\u949f\u91cc\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002** **find \/ -size -1000k\uff1a\u67e5\u627e\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e8e1000KB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002** **find \/etc \/ grep local \u5728\/etc\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u542b\u6709local\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55 <\/p>\n

8.\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u590d\u5236\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u79fb\u52a8mv
\n\u79fb\u52a8\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u5939AA \u5230\/home\/aa\/<\/p>\n

mv AA\/ \/home\/aa\/<\/pre>\n

\u79fb\u52a8\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6a.txt\u5230 \/home\/aa\/\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3ab.txt<\/p>\n

mv a.txt \/home\/aa\/b.txt<\/pre>\n

\u590d\u5236 cp
\n\u590d\u5236\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6a.txt\u5230\/home\/B\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

cp a.txt \/home\/B<\/pre>\n

\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 AA\u5230\/home\/B\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

cp -r AA\/ \/home\/B<\/pre>\n

\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u590d\u5236\uff1ascp
\n\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a scp
\n\u4ece\u8fdc\u5904\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u672c\u5730\u76ee\u5f55 scp root@192.168.1.204:\/home\/soft\/tomcat.tar.gz \/home\/test\/ \u4e0a\u4f20\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u673a\u5668\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55 scp \/home\/test\/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz root@192.168.1.204:\/opt\/soft\/ <\/p>\n

9.\u6743\u9650\u4fee\u6539<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u901a\u8fc7ls -l\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5c5e\u6027\u3002
\nls -l
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a- d l
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5230\u7b2c\u4e5d\u4f4d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u6743\u9650\u3002
\nLinux\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5206\u4e3a4\u79cd\uff1a
\nread write execute none
\n9\u4f4d\u5206\u62103\u7ec4\uff1a
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005owner\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ec4group\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u9650
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ec4\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u4ed6\u4ebaothers\u5177\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650
\n\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff1a
\nchmod who +\/- r\/w\/x file
\nchmod u+x file \u53ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u52a0\u4e0a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650
\nchmod ug+x file \u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u52a0\u4e0a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650
\nchmod u-x file \u7528\u6237\u53d6\u6d88\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650
\n\u5728Linux\u5185\u90e8\u8868\u793a\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u662f\u75283\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7684
\n\u6bd4\u5982000 \uff1a0 111\uff1a7
\n\u6240\u4ee5r=4\uff0cw=2\uff0cx=1
\n7\u8868\u793a\u6743\u9650\u90fd\u9f50\u4e86 5\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u7684\u6743\u9650
\n\u5047\u8bbeowner\uff1arwx\uff0cgroup\uff1ar-x\uff0cother\uff1ar-x
\n\u5219\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\uff1achmod 755 file<\/p>\n

10.\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u76d1\u63a7CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58
\ntop\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ewindows\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982cpu\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7b49\u3002
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