{"id":165204,"date":"2019-12-16T08:16:29","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T00:16:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/?p=165204"},"modified":"2019-11-26T11:17:28","modified_gmt":"2019-11-26T03:17:28","slug":"ipv6-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/ipv6-network.html","title":{"rendered":"IPv6\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/td>\nIPv6 \u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6570\u5b57\u8bbe\u5907(PDA), \u79fb\u52a8\u7535\u8bdd,\u6c7d\u8f66, \u5bb6\u5ead\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u4e00\u3001IPv6\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/div>\n

IPv6 \u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\u6570\u4ece 32 \u4f4d\u6269\u5c55\u5230 128 \u4f4d, \u8fd9\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0cIPv6 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u5730\u5740\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002 \u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684 NAT(Network Address Translation)\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u6548\u7387\u3002
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u7531\u4e8e IPv6 \u7684\u5730\u5740\u6709 128 \u4f4d\u957f\uff0c\u6bd4 32 \u4f4d\u7684 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u8868\u793a\u8d77\u6765\u590d\u6742\u7684\u591a\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0cIPv6 \u7684\u5730\u5740\u7531\u4e00\u4e32 16 \u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6bcf 16 \u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u5206\u53f7(:)\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x.<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

2001:0DB8:7654:3210:FEDC:BA98:7654:3210
\n1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A
\n\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u8fde\u7eed\u7684 0\u3002\u4e3a\u907f\u514d IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u8868\u793a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684 0 \u53ef\u7f29\u5199\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5192\u53f7\u8868\u793a(::)\u3002able1 lists IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u683c\u5f0f\u3002 \u4e24\u4e2a\u5192\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2a link-local \u5730\u5740\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5192\u53f7(::) \u53ea\u80fd\u5728 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u957f\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7684 0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5355\u64ad Unicast \u5730\u5740<\/strong>
\n\u4e00\u4e2a IPv6 \u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6807\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u6807\u793a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a IPv6 \u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5e94\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u5217\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b:<\/p>\n

Global aggregatable address:\u53ef\u6c47\u805a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5730\u5740\u3002
\nSite-local address:\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u5730\u5740 (proposal to remove by IETF)
\nLink-local address: \u94fe\u8def\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740
\nIPv4-compatible IPv6 address: \u517c\u5bb9 IPv4 \u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u53ef\u6c47\u805a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6c47\u805a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u6c47\u805a\u7684 IPv6 \u524d\u7f00\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8def\u7531\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u6c47\u805a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u6574\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6761\u6570\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8def\u7531\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002 \u53ef\u6c47\u805a\u7684\u5168\u7403 \u5730\u5740\u7528\u6765\u6807\u793a\u94fe\u8def\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u7ea7\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u805a\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u9876\u7ea7\u7684 Internet \u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546(ISPs).\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u6c47\u805a\u7684IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8def\u7531\u524d\u7f00, \u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7,\u548c\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236 000 \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5730\u5740, \u6240\u6709\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684IPv6 \u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u5e26\u6709 64 \u4f4d\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c \u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5206\u914d\u8303\u56f4\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684 001 (2000::\/3)\u5f00\u59cb\u3002
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

2\u3001Site-Local \u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a site-local \u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u7740\u524d\u7f00 FEC0::\/10 \u548c 16 \u4f4d\u5b50\u7f51\u53f7\u52a0\u4e0a 64 \u4f4d\u7684 EUI-64 \u683c\u5f0f\u7684 IPv6 \u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002Site-local \u5730\u5740\u975e\u5e38\u50cf IPv4 \u4e2d\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4 10.0.0.0\/8;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u90e8\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u7684\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5730\u5740\u524d\u7f00\u3002 Site-local \u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

3\u3001Link-Local \u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n

\u4e2a link-local \u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709 link-local \u524d\u7f00 FE80::\/10(1111 1110 10)\u7684 IPv6 \u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ed6\u91c7\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u7684 EUI-64 \u5730\u5740\u683c\u5f0f\u81ea\u52a8\u4ea7\u751f\u3002 Link-local \u5730\u5740\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u90bb\u5c45\u53d1\u73b0\u534f\u8bae(neighbor discovery protocol)\u548c\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002 \u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 link-local \u5730\u5740\u6765\u901a\u4fe1; \u4e0d\u9700\u8981 site-local \u5730\u5740\u6216\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u4e0e IPv4 \u517c\u5bb9\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a IPv4 \u517c\u5bb9\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8 96 \u4f4d\u5168 0 \u7684\uff0c\u4f4e 32 \u4f4d\u4e3a IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u7684 IPv6 \u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd IPv4 \u517c\u5bb9\u7684IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u4e3a 0:0:0:0:0:0:A.B.C.D \u6216::A.B.C.D. \u6574\u4e2a 128 \u4f4d\u7684 IPv4 \u517c\u5bb9\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u662f\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u7684 IPv4\u5730\u5740\u76f4\u63a5\u690d\u5165 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f4e 32 \u4f4d\u3002IPv4 \u517c\u5bb9\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7528\u6765\u5728\u8fd0\u884c IPv4 \u548c IPv6 \u53cc\u6808\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f(tunnels)\u3002
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

5\u3001IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b: Anycast \u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a anycast \u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 IPv6 \u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5 anycast \u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3;\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8fdc\u8fd1\u7531\u8def\u7531\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002Anycast \u5730\u5740\u4ece\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u540c\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a anycast \u5730\u5740\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u63a5\u6536\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a anycast \u5730\u5740\u3002Anycast \u5730\u5740\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a anycast \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

6\u3001IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7c7b\u578b: \u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740 Multicast<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u7f00 FF00::\/8(1111 1111)\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a IPv6 \u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u3002\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4ee3\u8868\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u524d\u56db\u4f4d\u4e3a 0000 \u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u524d\u56db\u4f4d\u4e3a 0001 \u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u7ec4\u64ad \u5730\u5740;\u540e\u56db\u4f4d\u4ee3\u8868\u7ec4\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86 1, 2, 5, 8, or E\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5982 Figure6 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u4e3a FF02::\/16 \u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u7ec4\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5728\u94fe\u8def\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IPv6 \u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\u6570\u4ece 32 \u4f4d\u6269\u5c55\u5230 128 \u4f4d, \u8fd9\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":370,"featured_media":46350,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-165204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thread"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/370"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=165204"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":165295,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165204\/revisions\/165295"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=165204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=165204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=165204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}