{"id":165346,"date":"2019-12-19T10:45:38","date_gmt":"2019-12-19T02:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/?p=165346"},"modified":"2019-11-27T09:46:16","modified_gmt":"2019-11-27T01:46:16","slug":"linux-sudo-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/linux-sudo-2.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8e sudo \u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b\u513f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u89c9\u5f97\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86 sudo \u7684\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u518d\u60f3\u60f3\u3002<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053 sudo<\/span>\uff0c\u5bf9\u5417\uff1f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570 BSD \u548c\u5546\u4e1a Unix \u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u6570\u767e\u540d sudo <\/span>\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u8c08\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f sudo<\/span> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u751f\u6d3b\u590d\u6742\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709 root \u7528\u6237\u548c su<\/span> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u5462\uff1f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0csudo <\/span>\u53ea\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 sudo<\/span> \u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b\u8c01\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0csudo<\/span> \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f \u6839\u636e sudo \u7f51\u7ad9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201csudo \u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u6388\u4e88\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u4ee5 root \u7528\u6237\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u59d4\u6d3e\u6743\u9650\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0csudo <\/span>\u53ea\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5728\u672c\u6587\u540e\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff08%wheel<\/span>\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff08ALL<\/span>\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff08(ALL)<\/span>\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002
\n\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff08ALL<\/span>\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cwheel <\/span>\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e00\u5207\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u8c01\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n
\u522b\u540d<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u548c\u4f60\u6700\u597d\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fae\u8c03\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u7b49\u3002\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u522b\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u3002\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7ef4\u62a4\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6b21\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5bf9\u4e00\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4e0d\u518d\u4fe1\u4efb\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4ece\u522b\u540d\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4ece\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7279\u6743\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u542f\u7528\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/div>\n
sudo<\/span> \u547d\u4ee4\u5e26\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8986\u76d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Defaults<\/span> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u7b49\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f29\u5c0f\u5230\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u6237\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e2a\u6211\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u73a9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u4eba\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n
czanik@linux-mewy:~> sudo ls\r\n[sudo] password for root:\r\nHold it up to the light --- not a brain in sight!  # \u628a\u706f\u4e3e\u9ad8\u70b9\uff0c\u8111\u4ec1\u592a\u5c0f\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\r\n[sudo] password for root:\r\nMy pet ferret can type better than you!     # \u6211\u7684\u5ba0\u7269\u8c82\u4e5f\u6bd4\u4f60\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u597d\r\n[sudo] password for root:\r\nsudo: 3 incorrect password attempts\r\nczanik@linux-mewy:~>\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e7d\u9ed8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u7981\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f9e\u8fb1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4ec5\u5bf9\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff08\u5373 wheel <\/span>\u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff09\u542f\u7528\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
Defaults !insults\r\nDefaults:%wheel insults\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u611f\u8c22\u6211\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u5e26\u56de\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u7528\u4e24\u53ea\u624b\u4e5f\u6570\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6765\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6458\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0csudo<\/span> \u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6458\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n
peter ALL = sha244:11925141bb22866afdf257ce7790bd6275feda80b3b241c108b79c88 \/usr\/bin\/passwd\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0csudo<\/span> \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6458\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0csudo<\/span> \u62d2\u7edd\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f88\u96be\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6458\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e5f\u662f sudo<\/span> \u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u6f14\u793a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u79bb\u5f00\u6211\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u540e\u5c31\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u5b83\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528 shell<\/span> \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u800c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4ec5\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u542f\u52a8\u4e86 bash<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u672c\u5730\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u5373\u5c06\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63d2\u4ef6<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u4ece 1.8 \u7248\u5f00\u59cb\uff0csudo<\/span> \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5927\u591a\u6570\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u66ff\u6362\u6216\u6269\u5c55 sudo<\/span> \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86 sudo<\/span> \u4e0a\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6211\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u6f14\u793a\u4e86 sudo_pair <\/span>\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u63d2\u4ef6\u53ef\u5728 GitHub \u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u662f\u7528 Rust \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u96be\u4ee5\u5206\u53d1\u5176\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8be5\u63d2\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u901a\u8fc7 sudo<\/span> \u6279\u51c6\uff08\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\uff09\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u53ef\u7591\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5e76\u7ec8\u6b62\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684 All Things Open \u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u793a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u6f14\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
czanik@linux-mewy:~> sudo  rm -fr \/\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u770b\u7740\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5c4f\u4f4f\u547c\u5438\uff0c\u60f3\u770b\u770b\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u6bc1\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b83\u9003\u8fc7\u4e00\u52ab\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\u662f sudo <\/span>\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5 sudo<\/span> \u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65e5\u5fd7\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 sudo <\/span>\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u63d0\u9192\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230 syslog<\/span> \u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u8c03\u8bd5\u65e5\u5fd7\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u62a5\u544a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8b66\u62a5<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u8b66\u62a5\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u70b9\u8fc7\u65f6\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 syslog-ng<\/span> \u6765\u6536\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790 sudo <\/span>\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8b66\u62a5\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Slack\u3001Telegram\u3001Splunk \u6216 Elasticsearch\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6211\u5728 syslong-ng.com \u4e0a\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bba\u4e86\u5f88\u591a sudo<\/span> \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u51e0\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ed4\u7ec6\u770b\u770b sudo \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \/etc\/sudoers <\/span>\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 visudo<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u5de5\u5177\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8bed\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22 vi<\/span>\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 EDITOR<\/span> \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5411\u4f60\u7684\u9996\u9009\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u8f91 sudo <\/span>\u914d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u77e5\u9053 root <\/span>\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\uff08\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b root<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u5bc6\u7801\u7684 Ubuntu \u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\uff09\u867d\u7136 visudo<\/span> \u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u521b\u5efa\u8bed\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u800c\u5c06\u4f60\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7d27\u6025\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u624b\u5934\u6709 root \u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u5230 sudoers <\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4ef6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u8bfb\u53d6\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u540e\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4ece\u901a\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u653e\u7f6e\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e CentOS \u7684\u7b80\u5355 sudoers <\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u51e0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
Defaults !visiblepw\r\nDefaults always_set_home\r\nDefaults match_group_by_gid\r\nDefaults always_query_group_plugin\r\nDefaults env_reset\r\nDefaults env_keep = \"COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE KDEDIR LS_COLORS\"\r\nDefaults env_keep += \"MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE\"\r\nDefaults secure_path = \/sbin:\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin\r\nroot ALL=(ALL) ALL\r\n%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL\r\nDefaults:%wheel insults\r\nDefaults !insults\r\nDefaults log_output\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u66f4\u6539\u591a\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u7136\u540e\u662f\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89c4\u5219\uff1aroot<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u548c wheel<\/span> \u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u6743\u9650\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9 wheel \u7ec4\u542f\u7528\u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7981\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u542f\u7528\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\u5417\uff1f\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1a\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u5148\u524d\u7684\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5747\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u201c\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u4ea4\u6362\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c31\u4f1a\u6309\u9884\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\uff1awheel \u7ec4\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u591a\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7ef4\u62a4 sudoers <\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e5f\u7528\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u5176\u4f59\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1aRed Hat Ansible\u3001Puppet \u548c Chef \u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e sudo <\/span>\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdc\u975e\u5b9e\u65f6\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f16\u8f91 sudoers<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u66f4\u6539\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
sudo <\/span>\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 LDAP \u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f04\u4e71sudoers<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53 LDAP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u6216\u4f7f\u7528 sudo<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u529f\u80fd<\/span>
\n\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684 sudo<\/span> \u5373\u5c06\u63a8\u51fa\u30021.9 \u7248\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u8bb0\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u96c6\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a
\n\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u641c\u7d22\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002
\n\u5373\u4f7f\u53d1\u9001\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\n\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u60f3\u8981\u5220\u9664\u5176\u75d5\u8ff9\u7684\u4eba\u5220\u9664\u3002
\naudit \u63d2\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u5411 sudoers<\/span> \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u63d2\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 API\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 sudo<\/span> \u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63d2\u4ef6\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6\u4ece sudo \u4e8b\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002
\napproval \u63d2\u4ef6\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u63d2\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u542f\u7528\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6279\u51c6\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\uff1a\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684 Python \u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u6269\u5c55 sudo\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u539f\u751f\u7f16\u7801\u3002 ### \u603b\u7ed3
\n\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5411\u4f60\u8bc1\u660e sudo <\/span>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u3002\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fae\u8c03\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fae\u8c03\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u6458\u8981\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f7f\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u63d2\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55 sudo <\/span>\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u6216\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f sudo<\/span> \u5df2\u6709\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
via:\u00a0https:\/\/opensource.com\/article\/19\/10\/know-about-sudo<\/a><\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aPeter Czanik<\/a>\u00a0\u9009\u9898\uff1alujun9972<\/a>\u00a0\u8bd1\u8005\uff1awxy<\/a>\u00a0\u6821\u5bf9\uff1awxy<\/a><\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u7531\u00a0LCTT<\/a>\u00a0\u539f\u521b\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0cLinux\u4e2d\u56fd<\/a>\u00a0\u8363\u8a89\u63a8\u51fa<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5bf9\u5417\uff1f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570 BSD \u548c\u5546\u4e1a Un […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1890,"featured_media":165347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-165346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thread"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1890"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=165346"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":165379,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165346\/revisions\/165379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/165347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=165346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=165346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=165346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}