\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u66fe\u7ecf\u7528\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u5217\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5bf9\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d39\u7528\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u6309\u65e5\u671f\u6216\u4ef7\u683c\u5347\u5e8f\u6291\u6216\u6309\u7c7b\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u719f\u6089\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4e86\u6392\u5e8f\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u529e\u516c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f sort \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u4f60\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5b89\u88c5 sort \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5411\u6765\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728 POSIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0csort \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u81ea GNU \u7ec4\u7ec7\u6253\u5305\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7684 POSIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf BSD \u548c Mac\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 sort \u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u662f GNU \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6211\u5c3d\u91cf\u5bf9 GNU \u548c BSD \u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u884c<\/strong><\/div>\n
sort \u547d\u4ee4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e76\u5bf9\u6bcf\u884c\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4e24\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ cat distro.list\r\nSlackware\r\nFedora\r\nRed Hat Enterprise Linux\r\nUbuntu\r\nArch\r\n1337\r\nMint\r\nMageia\r\nDebian\r\n$ sort distro.list\r\n1337\r\nArch\r\nDebian\r\nFedora\r\nMageia\r\nMint\r\nRed Hat Enterprise Linux\r\nSlackware\r\nUbuntu\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 sort \u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002sort \u4ec5\u8d77\u5230\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u6309\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7528 > \u6216 tee \u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n
$ sort distro.list | tee distro.sorted\r\n1337\r\nArch\r\nDebian\r\n[...]\r\n$ cat distro.sorted\r\n1337\r\nArch\r\nDebian\r\n[...]\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6309\u5217\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u6b62\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u7269\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u79cd\u548c\u5c5e\uff0c\u7528\u53ef\u9884\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5206\u9694\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5b57\u6bb5\u201d\uff08\u5373\u6570\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5355\u5143\u683c\u201d\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7531\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0cCSV\uff08\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6570\u636ecomma-separated values\uff09\u540e\u7f00\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u867d\u7136 CSV \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6709\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7528 CSV \u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
Aptenodytes;forsteri;Miller,JF;1778;Emperor\r\nPygoscelis;papua;Wagler;1832;Gentoo\r\nEudyptula;minor;Bonaparte;1867;Little Blue\r\nSpheniscus;demersus;Brisson;1760;African\r\nMegadyptes;antipodes;Milne-Edwards;1880;Yellow-eyed\r\nEudyptes;chrysocome;Viellot;1816;Southern Rockhopper\r\nTorvaldis;linux;Ewing,L;1996;Tux\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7ec4\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 --field-separator \uff08\u5728 BSD \u548c Mac \u7528 -t\uff0c\u5728 GNU \u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7b80\u5199 -t \uff09\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a\u5206\u53f7\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u662f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9017\u53f7\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u7528 --key\uff08\u5728 BSD \u548c Mac \u4e0a\u7528 -k\uff0c\u5728 GNU \u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7b80\u5199 -k\uff09\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u88ab\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u8ba1\u6570\u4ee5 1 \u5f00\u5934\u800c\u4e0d\u662f 0\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
sort --field-separator=\";\" --key=2\r\nMegadyptes;antipodes;Milne-Edwards;1880;Yellow-eyed\r\nEudyptes;chrysocome;Viellot;1816;Sothern Rockhopper\r\nSpheniscus;demersus;Brisson;1760;African\r\nAptenodytes;forsteri;Miller,JF;1778;Emperor\r\nTorvaldis;linux;Ewing,L;1996;Tux\r\nEudyptula;minor;Bonaparte;1867;Little Blue\r\nPygoscelis;papua;Wagler;1832;Gentoo\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u8bfb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f Unix \u4ee5\u6784\u9020\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u65b9\u5f0f\u800c\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 column \u547d\u4ee4\u7f8e\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 GNU column\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ sort --field-separator=\";\" \\\r\n\\--key=2 penguins.list | column --table --separator \";\"\r\nMegadyptes antipodes Milne-Edwards 1880 Yellow-eyed\r\nEudyptes chrysocome Viellot 1816 Southern Rockhopper\r\nSpheniscus demersus Brisson 1760 African\r\nAptenodytes forsteri Miller,JF 1778 Emperor\r\nTorvaldis linux Ewing,L 1996 Tux\r\nEudyptula minor Bonaparte 1867 Little Blue\r\nPygoscelis papua Wagler 1832 Gentoo\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u4f46\u662f\u5199\u8d77\u6765\u7b80\u5355\uff09\uff0cBSD \u548c Mac \u4e0a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ sort -t \";\" \\\r\n-k2 penguins.list | column -t -s \";\"\r\nMegadyptes antipodes Milne-Edwards 1880 Yellow-eyed\r\nEudyptes chrysocome Viellot 1816 Southern Rockhopper\r\nSpheniscus demersus Brisson 1760 African\r\nAptenodytes forsteri Miller,JF 1778 Emperor\r\nTorvaldis linux Ewing,L 1996 Tux\r\nEudyptula minor Bonaparte 1867 Little Blue\r\nPygoscelis papua Wagler 1832 Gentoo\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u7136 -k \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u975e\u8981\u8bbe\u4e3a 2\u3002\u4efb\u610f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bbe\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9006\u5e8f\u6392\u5217<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 --reverse\uff08BSD\/Mac \u4e0a\u7528 -r\uff0cGNU \u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7b80\u5199 -r\uff09\u9009\u9879\u6765\u98a0\u5012\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u597d\u5e8f\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
$ sort --reverse alphabet.list\r\nz\r\ny\r\nx\r\nw\r\n[...]\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u7ed9\u547d\u4ee4 tac \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6309\u6708\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u4ec5 GNU \u652f\u6301\uff09<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u6309\u7167 ISO 8601 \u6807\u51c6\u6765\u5199\u65e5\u671f\uff1a\u5e74\u3001\u6708\u3001\u65e5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5408\u4e4e\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u7cbe\u786e\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u88ab\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6807\u6ce8\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u5f88\u540d\u5b57\u968f\u610f\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0cGNU sort \u547d\u4ee4\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6b63\u786e\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 --month-sort\uff08-M\uff09\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ cat month.list\r\nNovember\r\nOctober\r\nSeptember\r\nApril\r\n[...]\r\n$ sort --month-sort month.list\r\nJanuary\r\nFebruary\r\nMarch\r\nApril\r\nMay\r\n[...]\r\nNovember\r\nDecember\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u548c\u7b80\u5199\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u4ec5 GNU \u652f\u6301\uff09<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6df7\u6dc6\u70b9\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u628a \u201c1024 kilobytes\u201d \u5199\u6210 \u201c1KB\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u89e3\u6790 \u201c1 KB\u201d \u6bd4 \u201c1024\u201d \u8981\u5bb9\u6613\u4e14\u66f4\u5feb\uff08\u6570\u5b57\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a 9 KB \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8981\u6bd4\u8bf8\u5982 1 MB \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5927\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1 9 KB \u662f 1 MB \u5f88\u5c0f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002GNU sort \u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86--human-numeric-sort\uff08-h\uff09\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
$ cat sizes.list\r\n2M\r\n12MB\r\n1k\r\n9k\r\n900\r\n7000\r\n$ sort --human-numeric-sort\r\n900\r\n7000\r\n1k\r\n9k\r\n2M\r\n12MB\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c16000 bytes\u201d \u6bd4 \u201c1 KB\u201d \u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u662f sort \u8bc6\u522b\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
$ cat sizes0.list\r\n2M\r\n12MB\r\n16000\r\n1k\r\n$ sort -h sizes0.list\r\n16000\r\n1k\r\n2M\r\n12MB\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d 16000 \u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u6210 16 KB\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5168\u90e8\u5f52\u548e\u4e8eGNU sort\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c--human-numeric-sort \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u6790\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n
\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u4ec5 GNU \u652f\u6301\uff09<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u76f8\u6096\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0csort \u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u50cf shuf \uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u6781\u5177\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0cGNU sort \u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u683c\u5f0f\u9009\u9879\u662f --random-sort \u6216 -R\uff08\u4e0d\u8981\u8ddf -r \u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c-r \u662f --reverse \u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
$ sort --random-sort alphabet.list\r\nd\r\nm\r\np\r\na\r\n[...]\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/div>\n
GNU \u548c BSD \u7684 sort \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u82b1\u70b9\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u60ca\u5f02\u4e8e sort \u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u5b83\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684 Unix \u5de5\u5177\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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