Minix \u4ecb\u7ecd<\/strong><\/div>\n
Minix \u539f\u6765\u662f\u8377\u5170\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u7684 Vrije \u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u7684\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u00b7\u5854\u80fd\u9c8d\u59c6\uff08Andrew S. Tanenbaum \uff09\u6559\u6388\u6240\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b UNIX \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u521d\u8877\u662f\u65b9\u4fbf\u6559\u5b66\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a AT&T \u63a8\u51fa Version 7 Unix \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c06 Unix \u6e90\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u79c1\u6709\u5316\uff09\u3002Minix \u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5171\u7ea6 12,000 \u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5cOperating Systems: Design and Implementation(ISBN 0-13-637331-3)\u7684\u9644\u5f55\u91cc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8303\u4f8b\u3002Minix \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e09\u7247\u78c1\u7247\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u00b7\u5854\u80fd\u9c8d\u59c6\uff08Andrew S. Tanenbaum \uff0c1944 \u5e74 3 \u6708 16 \u65e5\u2014\u2014\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u81ea\u7531\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e13\u7cbe\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7c7b Unix \u6559\u5b66\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf Minix \u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u591a\u90e8\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u300b\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ec4\u6210\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Minix \u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6536\u53d6\u6781\u4f4e\u7684\u6388\u6743\u8d39\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 2004 \u5e74\uff0c\u5854\u80fd\u9c8d\u59c6\u91cd\u65b0\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa MINIX 3\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u4ee5 BSD \u8bb8\u53ef\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
MINIX 3 \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6bd4Windows\u6216Linux\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5854\u80fd\u9c8d\u59c6\u90a3\u4efd\u83b7\u5f97\u6b27\u76df\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08EuropeanResearchCouncil\uff095 \u5e74 250 \u4e07\u6b27\u5143\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u4e66\u91cc\uff0cTanenbaum \u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4f55\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408 POLA \u2014\u2014\u6700\u4f4e\u6388\u6743\u539f\u5219 \uff08PrincipleOfLeastAuthority\uff09\u3002POLA\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5212\u5206\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u5fc5\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u6ce2\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4ec5\u5e94\u8be5\u5f97\u5230\u5b8c\u6210\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u591a\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u65e0\u6743\u8bfb\u5199\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e0\u6743\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b83\u81ea\u8eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u65e0 \u6743\u6267\u884c\u4e0e\u5b83\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u654f\u611f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u65e0\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u8be5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684 I\/O \u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u3002\u73b0\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u5168\u8fdd\u53cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9020\u6210\u4f17\u591a\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
Minix \u7684\u6d41\u884c\u4e0e\u5a01\u80c1<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u8bf4\u8d77\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u60f3\u5230 Linux\u3001Windows\u3001macOS\u3001iOS \u548c Android \u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u662f MINIX\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u548c\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u4ef6 \u2014\u2014 \u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7ba1\u7406\u5f15\u64ce (Intel ME-Intel's Management Engine)\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8c03\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u82af\u7247\u7ec4\u6574\u5408\u8fdb\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u6210\u4e86 SoC \u5355\u82af\u7247\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u603b\u7ba1\u201d\uff0cMINIX \u6b63\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u4e00\u65e6\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7ba1\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u53d7\u5230\u5371\u53ca\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7559\u4e0b\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u540e\u95e8\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u7535\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u4e3b\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u7981\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u5b89\u5168\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u751a\u4e3a\u62c5\u5fe7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9664\u4e86\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u5916\uff0c\u8c01\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5ba1\u67e5\u6709\u65e0\u540e\u95e8\uff08\u6bd5\u7adf\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684 MINIX 3 \u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u6e90\uff09<\/p>\n
MINIX \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 CPU \u5185\u6838\u548c\u4e13\u5c5e\u56fa\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u9690\u5f62\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5747\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6743\u9650\u66f4\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86 Ring -3\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6743\u9650\u7ea7\u522b\u90fd\u662f Ring 3\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u662f Ring 0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6743\u9650\uff0cMINIX \u7adf\u7136\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u4e86 Ring -3\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u4f11\u7720\u4e43\u81f3\u5173\u673a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0cMINIX \u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7ba1\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u8981\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u82af\u7247\u7ea7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97 MINIX \u62e5\u6709\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b83\u5728\u9ed8\u9ed8\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
Minix \u548c Linux<\/strong><\/div>\n
Linux \u662f Linus Torvalds \u53d7\u5230 Minix \u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u4f5c\u6210\u7684\uff08Linus \u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u7684 386 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684 MS-DOS \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Minix\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5b83\u4e3a\u6837\u672c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u7684 Linux \u6838\u5fc3\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u66f4\u591a\u5728\u4e8e\u975e\u6280\u672f\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u9f13\u821e\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\uff0cLinux \u5219\u548c Minix \u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u539f\u751f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u66fe\u91c7\u7528 Minix \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002Minix \u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u91c7\u7528\u5fae\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6210\u5fae\u6838\u5fc3\u548c\u5176\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b\u800c Linux \u5219\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u7684 Unix \u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u5b8f\u5185\u6838\u3002\u5728 Linux \u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u8fd8\u4e8e 1992 \u5e74\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\u4e0a\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u573a\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5854\u80fd\u9c8d\u59c6-\u6797\u7eb3\u65af\u8fa9\u8bba\u3002Minix \u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8f\u5185\u6838\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u9000\u6b65\uff0c\u800c Linux \u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a Minix \u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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