{"id":272346,"date":"2023-05-16T20:11:29","date_gmt":"2023-05-16T12:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/zsdlmljgmlsd.html"},"modified":"2023-05-16T20:11:29","modified_gmt":"2023-05-16T12:11:29","slug":"zsdlmljgmlsd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lrxjmw.cn\/zsdlmljgmlsd.html","title":{"rendered":"\uff08\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff09Linux\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7684\u9632\u76d7\u94fe\u673a\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux<\/a>\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u76ee\u5f55\u6811(directorytree):<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u91cc\u8fb9\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u662f\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6e90\u5934,\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5206\u652f\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7edf\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811(directorytree),\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u70b9\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\u4e3a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55(\/,root)\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u6b62\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u7684partition\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 \u7cfb\u7edf<\/a>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u8def\u4e0a\u7684filesystem\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9NetworkFileSystem(NFS)\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6302\u8f7d\u67d0\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n

(\u5305\u542b\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84)\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u3002**\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\uff1a**Unix\/Linux\u8def\u5f84\u4f7f\u7528\u659c\u6760\u201c\/\u201d\u800cDOS\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u201c\u201d\u6765\u5206\u5272\u5404\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

**\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1a**\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

**\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1a**\u7531\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

**Winc\u76d8\uff1a**\u6700\u65e9\u65f6\u4faf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u9a71\u5360\u7528\u4e86A\u76d8\u548cB\u76d8\uff0c\u5927\u7ea61.4M.Linux\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

[\u5916\u94fe\u56fe\u7247\u8f6c\u5b58\u5931\u8d25,\u6e90\u7ad9\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u9632\u76d7\u94fe\u673a\u5236,\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u56fe\u7247\u4fdd\u5b58\u51fa\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u4f20(img-NOyvmgn0-44)(E:C++\u4f53\u7cfbimageslinux2bfile2bsystem2bhierarchy.jpg)]<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528\/\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u53ea\u50a8\u5b58\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u6709\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u513f\u5f00\u59cb<\/p>\n

bin\u662fBinaries(\u4e8c\u8865\u7801\u6587\u4ef6)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u50a8\u5b58\u7740\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 \u547d\u4ee4<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5728\u53cc\u4eba\u7ef4\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5728\/bin\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u88abroot\u4e0e\u901a\u5e38\u5e10\u53f7\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1acat,chmod,chown,data,mv,mkdir,cp,bach\u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u50a8\u5b58\u542f\u52a8Linux\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u8054\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

dev\u662fDevice(\u8bbe\u5907)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u50a8\u5b58Linux\u7684\u5916\u56f4\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5728Linux\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5f62\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

etc\u662fEtcetera(\u7b49\u7b49)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u987b\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5728linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u53f7\u6240\u547d\u540d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

lib\u662fLibrary(\u5e93)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eWindows\u91cc\u7684dll\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u987b\u8981\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

\/lost+found<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u6cd5\u6b7b\u673a\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u50a8\u5b58\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u624b\u52a8\u8fa8\u8bc6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982U\u76d8\u3001\u5149\u9a71\u7b49\u3001\u8bc6\u522b\u540eLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u628a\u8fa8\u8bc6\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u4e34\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d\u522b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u786c\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\/mnt\/\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6b65\u5165\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

optional(\u53ef\u9009\u7684)\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7ed9\u4e3b\u673a\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6240\u6446\u653e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2aORACLE\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6446\u653e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

proc\u662fProcesses(\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7b80\u5199)\uff0c\/proc\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f2a\u6587\u4ef6(\u4fd7\u79f0\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6)\uff0c\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6linux\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u865a\u62df\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u5728\u786c\u789f\u4e0a\u800c\u5728\u663e\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u66f4\u6539\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u8d85\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u8005\u7684\u7528\u623f\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

s\u5c31\u8bf4SuperUser\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u662fSuperBinaries(\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4e8c\u8865\u7801\u6587\u4ef6)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u513f\u50a8\u5b58\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\/selinux<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662fRedhat\/CentOS\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0cSelinux\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eWindows\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5957\u673a\u5236\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u50a8\u5b58selinux\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u50a8\u5b58\u4e00\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u540e\u987b\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662flinux2.6\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u4e862.6\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u65b0\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6sysfs\u3002sysfs\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684proc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u7684devfs\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53ca\u9488\u5bf9\u4f2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684devpts\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5185\u6838\u8bbe\u5907\u6811\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e5f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n

$\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7ed3\u6784\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u5f55_linux\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u662f_linux \u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u5411\u76ee\u5f55$ <\/p>\n

tmp\u662ftemporary(\u4e34\u65f6)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u62ff\u6765\u50a8\u5b58\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

usr\u662funixshareresources(\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u597d\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u653e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eWindows\u4e0b\u7684programfiles\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

variable(\u53d8\u91cf)\u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u50a8\u5b58\u7740\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\u7740\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u653e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u7c7b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea2\u5e3d\u5b50linux\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u50a8\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u6216\u5219\u6e05\u7406\u3002\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\/var\/run\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u8ba9\u5b83\u6307\u5411run<\/p>\n

\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5149\u789f\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u987b\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u5f00\u5173\u673a\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5f00\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ec5\u6709\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4f1a\u88ab\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u533a\u5219\u7b49\u5230\u5f00\u673a\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u800c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4e0e\u5f00\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u653e\u5728\u548c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\/etc:\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\/bin:\u91cd\u8981\u6267\u884c\u6863<\/p>\n

\/dev:\u6240\u987b\u8981\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

$linux \u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u5411\u76ee\u5f55_linux\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u662f_\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7ed3\u6784\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u5f55$ <\/p>\n

\/lib:\u6267\u884c\u6863\u6240\u987b\u8981\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5e93\uff0c\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u6240\u9700\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n

\/sbin:\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e0e\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5206\u5f00\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528\/\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

\/usr\/X11R6\/<\/p>\n

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