\u6839\u636e\u524d\u6587\u8bb2\u89e3\u7684\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u7406\u6e05\u4e00\u4e0b\u6dfb\u52a0\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u6dfb\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u5757\u65b0\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3001\u6302\u8f7d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u76d8\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9274\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u800c\u7279\u610f\u4e70\u4e00\u5757\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u518d\u6b21\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c1\u6b65\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u628a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u7a0d\u7b49\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e3b\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u7f16\u8f91\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5728\u5f39\u51fa\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u6dfb\u52a0\u201d\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u4e00\u5757\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-6\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u786c\u76d8\"$ <\/div>\n

\u56fe6-6\u00a0 \u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n

\u7b2c2\u6b65\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u60f3\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u201c\u786c\u76d8\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u786e\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-7\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u56fe6-7\u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u6dfb\u52a0\u786c\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

\u7b2c3\u6b65\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u865a\u62df\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aSCSI\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a8\u8350\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u201d\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u79f0\u8fc7\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\/dev\/sdb\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-8\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u56fe6-8\u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

\u7b2c4\u6b65\uff1a\u9009\u4e2d\u201c\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u865a\u62df\u78c1\u76d8\u201d\u5355\u9009\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u201d\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-9\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u56fe6-9\u00a0 \u9009\u62e9\u201c\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u865a\u62df\u78c1\u76d8\u201d\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n

\u7b2c5\u6b65\uff1a\u5c06\u201c\u6700\u5927\u78c1\u76d8\u5927\u5c0f\u201d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u768420GB\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u662f\u9650\u5236\u8fd9\u53f0\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5927\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u5c06\u5176\u586b\u6ee1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9ed8\u8ba420GB\u5c31\u5f88\u5408\u9002\u4e86\u3002\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u201d\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-10\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u56fe6-10\u00a0 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u7b2c6\u6b65\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-11\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u56fe6-11\u00a0 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

\u7b2c7\u6b65\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u786c\u76d8\u6dfb\u52a0\u597d\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5355\u51fb\u201c\u786e\u8ba4\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u542f\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u56fe6-12\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u56fe6-12\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u540e\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002\u6309\u7167\u524d\u6587\u8bb2\u89e3\u7684udev\u670d\u52a1\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u7684SCSI\u8bbe\u5907\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\/dev\/sdb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u786c\u76d8\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a2GB\u7684\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee5\u4f9b\u540e\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u00a0fdisk\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u5f53\u5c5efdisk\u547d\u4ee4\u4e86\u3002fdisk\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u201cfdisk\u00a0 [\u78c1\u76d8\u540d\u79f0]\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u96c6\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u4e8e\u4e00\u8eab\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u7ad9\u5f0f\u5206\u533a\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u89e3\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u89c1\u88686-5\uff09\u662f\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88686-5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 fdisk\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n \u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
m<\/td>\n \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u90e8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n<\/td>\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u533a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d<\/td>\n \u5220\u9664\u67d0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
l<\/td>\n \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5206\u533a\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
t<\/td>\n \u6539\u53d8\u67d0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n \u67e5\u770b\u5206\u533a\u8868\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
w<\/td>\n \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
q<\/td>\n \u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7b2c1\u6b65\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528fdisk\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7ba1\u7406\/dev\/sdb\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5728\u770b\u5230\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570p\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u5185\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6247\u533a\u4e2a\u6570\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk \/dev\/sdb\r\nWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).\r\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\r\nBe careful before using the write command.\r\nDevice does not contain a recognized partition table\r\nBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x47d24a34.\r\nCommand (m for help): p<\/strong>\r\nDisk \/dev\/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors\r\nUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\r\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\r\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\r\nDisk label type: dos\r\nDisk identifier: 0x47d24a34\r\nDevice Boot Start End Blocks Id System\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7b2c2\u6b65\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570n\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u60a8\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u7ee7\u7eed\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570p\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570e\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570p\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\uff1a<\/p>\n
Command (m for help): n<\/strong>\r\nPartition type:\r\np primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)\r\ne extended\r\nSelect (default p): p\r\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\u7b2c3\u6b65\uff1a\u5728\u786e\u8ba4\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u6c42\u60a8\u5148\u8f93\u5165\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u524d\u6587\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u8303\u56f4\u662f1\uff5e4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76841\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u5b9a\u4e49\u8d77\u59cb\u7684\u6247\u533a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6572\u51fb\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u4fdd\u7559\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6700\u9760\u524d\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u6247\u533a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u6247\u533a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u53bb\u5b9a\u4e49\u6574\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u8ba1\u7b97\u6247\u533a\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165+2G\u5373\u53ef\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a2GB\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1<\/strong>\r\nFirst sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):\u6b64\u5904\u6572\u51fb\u56de\u8f66<\/strong>\r\nUsing default value 2048\r\nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +2G<\/strong>\r\nPartition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7b2c4\u6b65\uff1a\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570p\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u679c\u7136\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\/dev\/sdb1\u3001\u8d77\u59cb\u6247\u533a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a2048\u3001\u7ed3\u675f\u6247\u533a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a4196351\u7684\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u95ed\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u6572\u51fb\u53c2\u6570w\u540e\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5199\u5165\u6210\u529f\u5566\u3002<\/p>\n
Command (m for help): p<\/strong>\r\nDisk \/dev\/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors\r\nUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\r\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\r\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\r\nDisk label type: dos\r\nDisk identifier: 0x47d24a34\r\nDevice Boot Start End Blocks Id System\r\n\/dev\/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux<\/strong>\r\nCommand (m for help): w<\/strong>\r\nThe partition table has been altered!\r\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\r\nSyncing disks.\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7b2c5\u6b65\uff1a\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u62bd\u8c61\u6210\/dev\/sdb1\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528file\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5218\u9044\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u8bb2\u8bfe\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u540c\u6b65\u7ed9Linux\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\uff08\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u4f5c\u662f\u4e25\u91cd\u7684bug\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165partprobe\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u52a8\u5c06\u5206\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u63a8\u8350\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u91cd\u542f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6740\u624b\u950f\u767e\u8bd5\u767e\u7075\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ]# file \/dev\/sdb1\r\n\/dev\/sdb1: cannot open (No such file or directory)\r\n[root@linuxprobe ]# partprobe\r\n[root@linuxprobe ]# partprobe\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0]# file \/dev\/sdb1\r\n\/dev\/sdb1: block special<\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u786c\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u5219Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u77e5\u600e\u4e48\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u540e\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662fmkfs\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728Shell\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165mkfs\u540d\u540e\u518d\u6572\u51fb\u4e24\u4e0b\u7528\u4e8e\u8865\u9f50\u547d\u4ee4\u7684Tab\u952e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkfs\r\nmkfs mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.fat mkfs.msdos mkfs.xfs\r\nmkfs.btrfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.minix mkfs.vfat<\/pre>\n
\u5bf9\uff01\u8fd9\u4e2amkfs\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u8d34\u5fc3\u5730\u628a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u540d\u79f0\u7528\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u2014mkfs.\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u683c\u5f0f\u5206\u533a\u4e3aXFS\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5219\u547d\u4ee4\u5e94\u4e3amkfs.xfs \/dev\/sdb1\u3002<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkfs.xfs \/dev\/sdb1\r\nmeta-data=\/dev\/sdb1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=131072 blks\r\n = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1\r\n = crc=0\r\ndata = bsize=4096 blocks=524288, imaxpct=25\r\n = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks\r\nnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0\r\nlog =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2\r\n = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1\r\nrealtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5206\u533a\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6765\u6302\u8f7d\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e86\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528mount\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528df -h\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u786c\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir \/newFS\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/newFS\/\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h\r\nFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-root 18G 3.5G 15G 20% \/\r\ndevtmpfs 905M 0 905M 0% \/dev\r\ntmpfs 914M 140K 914M 1% \/dev\/shm\r\ntmpfs 914M 8.8M 905M 1% \/run\r\ntmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% \/sys\/fs\/cgroup\r\n\/dev\/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% \/media\/cdrom\r\n\/dev\/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% \/boot\r\n\/dev\/sdb1 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% \/newFS\r\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
2. \u00a0du\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u65e2\u7136\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u5df2\u7ecf\u987a\u5229\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\u5411\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u5360\u7528\u91cf\u7684du\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u201cdu [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6]\u201d\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5927\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528du -sh \/*\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u5206\u522b\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u6765\u4e00\u6279\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u603b\u5171\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5927\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cp -rf \/etc\/* \/newFS\/\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# ls \/newFS\/\r\nabrt hosts pulse\r\nadjtime hosts.allow purple\r\naliases hosts.deny qemu-ga\r\naliases.db hp qemu-kvm\r\nalsa idmapd.conf radvd.conf\r\nalternatives init.d rc0.d\r\nanacrontab inittab rc1.d\r\n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u7701\u7565\u90e8\u5206\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# du -sh \/newFS\/\r\n33M \/newFS\/\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u4e00\u5b9a\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5728\u8bb2\u89e3mount\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528mount\u547d\u4ee4\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u542f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5931\u6548\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u6c38\u4e45\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim \/etc\/fstab\r\n#\r\n# \/etc\/fstab\r\n# Created by anaconda on Wed May 4 19:26:23 2017\r\n#\r\n# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '\/dev\/disk'\r\n# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and\/or blkid(8) for more info\r\n#\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-root \/ xfs defaults 1 1\r\nUUID=812b1f7c-8b5b-43da-8c06-b9999e0fe48b \/boot xfs defaults 1 2\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0\r\n\/dev\/cdrom \/media\/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0 \r\n\/dev\/sdb1 \/newFS xfs defaults 0 0<\/strong><\/pre>\n
6.6 \u6dfb\u52a0\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
SWAP\uff08\u4ea4\u6362\uff09\u5206\u533a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u5212\u5206\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u653e\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u817e\u51fa\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba9\u66f4\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u771f\u5b9e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u80af\u5b9a\u8981\u6bd4\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6162\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8017\u5c3d\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u524d\u6587\u8bb2\u5230\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\/dev\/sdb\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5148\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5212\u5206\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u76841.5\uff5e2\u500d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u66f4\u660e\u663e\u5730\u611f\u53d7\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a5GB\u7684\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u5206\u533a\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk \/dev\/sdb<\/strong>\r\nWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).\r\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\r\nBe careful before using the write command.\r\nDevice does not contain a recognized partition table\r\nBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb3d27ce1.\r\nCommand (m for help): n<\/strong>\r\nPartition type:\r\np primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)\r\ne extendedSelect (default p): p<\/strong>\r\nPartition number (2-4, default 2): \r\nFirst sector (4196352-41943039, default 4196352): \u6b64\u5904\u6572\u51fb\u56de\u8f66<\/strong>\r\nUsing default value 4196352\r\nLast sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-41943039, default 41943039): +5G<\/strong>\r\nPartition 2 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set\r\nCommand (m for help): p<\/strong>\r\nDisk \/dev\/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors\r\nUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes\r\nSector size (logical\/physical): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\r\nI\/O size (minimum\/optimal): 512 bytes \/ 512 bytes\r\nDisk label type: dos\r\nDisk identifier: 0xb0ced57f\r\n Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System\r\n\/dev\/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux\r\n\/dev\/sdb2 4196352 14682111 5242880 83 Linux<\/strong>\r\nCommand (m for help): w<\/strong>\r\nThe partition table has been altered!\r\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\r\nWARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.\r\nThe kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at\r\nthe next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)\r\nSyncing disks.<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u4f7f\u7528SWAP\u5206\u533a\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u547d\u4ee4mkswap\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkswap \/dev\/sdb2\r\nSetting up swapspace version 1, size = 5242876 KiB\r\nno label, UUID=2972f9cb-17f0-4113-84c6-c64b97c40c75\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528swapon\u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7684SWAP\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u5907\u6b63\u5f0f\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528free -m\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u75312047MB\u589e\u52a0\u52307167MB\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# free -m\r\ntotal used free shared buffers cached\r\nMem: 1483 782 701 9 0 254\r\n-\/+ buffers\/cache: 526 957\r\nSwap: 2047 0 2047<\/strong>\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# swapon \/dev\/sdb2\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# free -m\r\ntotal used free shared buffers cached\r\nMem: 1483 785 697 9 0 254\r\n-\/+ buffers\/cache: 530 953\r\nSwap: 7167 0 7167\r\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u65b0\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f97\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim \/etc\/fstab\r\n#\r\n# \/etc\/fstab\r\n# Created by anaconda on Wed May 4 19:26:23 2017\r\n#\r\n# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '\/dev\/disk'\r\n# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and\/or blkid(8) for more info\r\n#\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-root \/ xfs defaults 1 1\r\nUUID=812b1f7c-8b5b-43da-8c06-b9999e0fe48b \/boot xfs defaults 1 2\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0\r\n\/dev\/cdrom \/media\/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0 \r\n\/dev\/sdb1 \/newFS xfs defaults 0 0 \r\n\/dev\/sdb2 swap swap defaults 0 0<\/strong> \r\n<\/pre>\n
6.7 \u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u524d\u9762\u66fe\u7ecf\u8bb2\u5230\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u591a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e14\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u5b58\u653e\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4f1a\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0croot\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4f4d\u7528\u6237\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5927\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u6216\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u503c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5141\u8bb8\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528quota\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u53ef\u7528\u5bb9\u91cf\u6216\u6240\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2a\u6570\u3002quota\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6709\u8f6f\u9650\u5236\u548c\u786c\u9650\u5236\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8f6f\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u5f53\u8fbe\u5230\u8f6f\u9650\u5236\u65f6\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5728\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u989d\u5ea6\u5185\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u786c\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u5f53\u8fbe\u5230\u786c\u9650\u5236\u65f6\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e14\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
RHEL 7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86quota\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u5374\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u542f\u5bf9quota\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9RHEL 7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\/boot\u76ee\u5f55\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301quota\u78c1\u76d8\u914d\u989d\u6280\u672f\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u65e9\u671f\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5177\u6709RHEL 6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u60f3\u8ba9\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u652f\u6301quota\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fusrquota\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u800cRHEL 7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5219\u662fuquota\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5728\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\u4f7f\u7528mount\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u73b0\/boot\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u652f\u6301quota\u78c1\u76d8\u914d\u989d\u6280\u672f\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vim \/etc\/fstab\r\n#\r\n# \/etc\/fstab\r\n# Created by anaconda on Wed May 4 19:26:23 2017\r\n#\r\n# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '\/dev\/disk'\r\n# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and\/or blkid(8) for more info\r\n#\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-root \/ xfs defaults 1 1\r\nUUID=812b1f7c-8b5b-43da-8c06-b9999e0fe48b \/boot xfs defaults,uquota<\/strong> 1 2\r\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0\r\n\/dev\/cdrom \/media\/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0 \r\n\/dev\/sdb1 \/newFS xfs defaults 0 0 \r\n\/dev\/sdb2 swap swap defaults 0 0 \r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# reboot\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount | grep boot\r\n\/dev\/sda1 on \/boot type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,usrquota<\/strong>)<\/pre>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5quota\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u6548\u679c\u7684\u7528\u6237tom\uff0c\u5e76\u9488\u5bf9\/boot\u76ee\u5f55\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# useradd tom\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod -Rf o+w \/boot\r\n<\/pre>\n
1. \u00a0xfs_quota\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n
xfs_quota\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9XFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u7ba1\u7406quota\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u670d\u52a1\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u201cxfs_quota [\u53c2\u6570] \u914d\u989d \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c-c\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b-x\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9quota\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528xfs_quota\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237tom\u5bf9\/boot\u76ee\u5f55\u7684quota\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9650\u989d\u63a7\u5236\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u786c\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u8f6f\u9650\u5236\u548c\u786c\u9650\u5236\u5206\u522b\u4e3a3MB\u548c6MB\uff1b\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8f6f\u9650\u5236\u548c\u786c\u9650\u5236\u5206\u522b\u4e3a3\u4e2a\u548c6\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# xfs_quota -x -c 'limit bsoft=3m bhard=6m isoft=3 ihard=6 tom' \/boot\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# xfs_quota -x -c report \/boot\r\nUser quota on \/boot (\/dev\/sda1) \u00a0\u00a0Blocks\r\nUser ID Used Soft Hard Warn\/Grace\r\n---------- --------------------------------------------------\r\nroot 95084 0 0 00 [--------]\r\ntom 0 3072 6144 00 [--------]\r\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8f6f\u786c\u9650\u5236\u540e\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5207\u6362\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u79ef\u4e3a5MB\u548c8MB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u521b\u5efa8MB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# su - tom\r\n[tom@linuxprobe ~]$ dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/boot\/tom bs=5M count=1\r\n1+0 records in\r\n1+0 records out\r\n5242880 bytes (5.2 MB) copied, 0.123966 s, 42.3 MB\/s\r\n[tom@linuxprobe ~]$ dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/boot\/tom bs=8M count=1\r\ndd: error writing \u2018\/boot\/tom\u2019: Disk quota exceeded<\/span>\r\n1+0 records in\r\n0+0 records out\r\n6291456 bytes (6.3 MB) copied, 0.0201593 s, 312 MB\/s\r\n<\/pre>\n
2. \u00a0edquota\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n
edquota\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u8f91\u7528\u6237\u7684quota\u914d\u989d\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u201cedquota [\u53c2\u6570] [\u7528\u6237] \u201d\u3002\u5728\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86quota\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u914d\u989d\u9650\u5236\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528edquota\u547d\u4ee4\u6309\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u9650\u989d\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c-u\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1b-g\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002edquota\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528Vi\u6216Vim\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u8ba9root\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4fee\u6539\u8981\u9650\u5236\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u628a\u7528\u6237tom\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u786c\u9650\u989d\u4ece5MB\u63d0\u5347\u52308MB\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@linuxprobe ~]# edquota -u tom\r\nDisk quotas for user tom (uid 1001):\r\n Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard\r\n \/dev\/sda1 6144 3072 8192<\/strong> 1 3 6\r\n[root@linuxprobe ~]# su - tom\r\nLast login: Mon Sep 7 16:43:12 CST 2017 on pts\/0\r\n[tom@linuxprobe ~]$ dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/boot\/tom bs=8M count=1\r\n1+0 records in\r\n1+0 records out\r\n8388608 bytes (8.4 MB) copied, 0.0268044 s, 313 MB\/s\r\n[tom@linuxprobe ~]$ dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/boot\/tom bs=10M count=1\r\ndd: error writing \u2018\/boot\/tom\u2019: Disk quota exceeded\r\n1+0 records in\r\n0+0 records out\r\n8388608 bytes (8.4 MB) copied, 0.167529 s, 50.1 MB\/s<\/pre>\n
6.8\u00a0\u8f6f\u786c\u65b9\u5f0f\u94fe\u63a5<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n
\u5f53\u5f15\u9886\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u672c\u7ae0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5218\u9044\u8001\u5e08\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5fc3\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u8bb2\u89e3Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5feb\u6377\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5411\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u6216\u526a\u5207\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u5931\u6548\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u4e0d\u592a\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u8f6f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\uff08hard link\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6307\u5411\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6inode\u7684\u6307\u9488\u201d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5b83\u5206\u914d\u72ec\u7acb\u7684inode\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u540d\u5b57\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u589e\u52a01\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u4e3a0\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u7b97\u5f7b\u5e95\u5c06\u5b83\u5220\u9664\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6307\u5411\u539f\u6587\u4ef6inode\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4fbf\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8de8\u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
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[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# echo \"Welcome to lrxjmw.cn\" > readme.txt\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# ln -s readme.txt readit.txt\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# cat readme.txt \r\nWelcome to lrxjmw.cn\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# cat readit.txt \r\nWelcome to lrxjmw.cn\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# ls -l readme.txt \r\n-rw-r--r-- 1<\/strong> root root 26 Jan 11 00:08 readme.txt\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# rm -f readme.txt \r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# cat readit.txt \r\ncat: readit.txt: No such file or directory<\/pre>\n
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[root@linuxprobe ~]# echo \"Welcome to lrxjmw.cn\" > readme.txt\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# ln readme.txt readit.txt\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# cat readme.txt \r\nWelcome to lrxjmw.cn\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# cat readit.txt \r\nWelcome to lrxjmw.cn\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# ls -l readme.txt \r\n-rw-r--r-- 2<\/strong> root root 26 Jan 11 00:13 readme.txt\r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# rm -f readme.txt \r\n[root@linuxprobe\u00a0~]# cat readit.txt \r\nWelcome to lrxjmw.cn<\/pre>\n
\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898?\u5927\u80c6\u63d0\u95ee!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
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Linux\u6280\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u8bf7\u52a0A\u7fa4\uff1a560843(\u6ee1<\/span><\/strong>)\uff0cB\u7fa4\uff1a340829(\u63a8\u8350<\/span><\/strong>)\uff0cC\u7fa4\uff1a463590\uff08\u63a8\u8350<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\uff0c\u70b9\u6b64\u67e5\u770b\u5168\u56fd\u7fa4<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n
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4\uff0e\/dev\/sda5\u662f\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u8fd8\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u7b54\uff1a<\/strong>\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
5\uff0e\u54ea\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\/dev\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u7b54\uff1a<\/strong>udev\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
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\u7b54\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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